Michael d



(No Model.)

M. D.`S0HALLBR.

WRENCH.

Patented Deo. 22, 1896.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEicE.

MICHAEL D. SOHALLER, OF LOWELL, NEW YORK.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 573,487, dated December22, 18196.

Application filed May 22,1896. Serial No. 592,597. (No model.)

T0 all whom it 17m/y concern:

Be it known that I, MICHAEL D. SCHALLER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lowell, in the county of Oneida and State of New York, haveinvented a new and useful Vtfrench, of which the following is aspecification.

The invention relates to improvements in wrenches.

The object of the present invention is to improve the construction ofratchet-ivre nchcs and to provide a simple, inexpensive, and efcient onewhich willdispense with the pawls usually employed in this class ofwrenches, and which will be capable of ready adjustment to enable thewrench to be rotated in either direction.

A further object ofthe invention is to provide a wrench which will becapable of rapid adjustment to receive nuts of diferent sizes, and whichwill also be adapted for receiving bits and other tools.

The invention consists in the construction and novel combination andarrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, and pointed out inthe claims hereto appended.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a wrench constructedin accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectionalView of the same. Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken transversely of thespindle and illustrating the construction of the ratchet mechanism. Fig.4 :is a detail sectional view illustrating the manner of swiveling thehandle to the spindle. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view illustratingthe manner of mounting the jaws of the wrench.

Like numerals of reference designate correspending parts in all thefigures of the drawings.

l designates a spindle provided at its ends with sockets 2 and' 3 forthe reception of shanks 4 and 5 of a wrench-head 6 and a handle 7. Thespindle is provided at a point intermediate of its ends with an annulardan ge or disk S and has swiveled to it a casing 9, which is providedwith sleeves 10, arranged on the spindle and located at opposite sidesof the disk 8, which is rigid with the spindle. The disk S is providedwith asmooth periphery and is adapted to be engaged by a lever l1, whichis removably fulcrumed in the casing 9 by a screw 12 or other suitablefastening device. The lever has its engaging end 13 cut-at an angle andprovided with teeth, and it is adapted, when the screw 12is removed, tobe reversed to bring its projecting portion at either side of thecasing, which is substantially rectangular in cross-section, and theprojecting portion of the engaging end of the lever extends in thedirection in whichthe spindle is to be rotated, as a forward movement ofthe lever carries the projectin g end into engagement with the disk 8. Areverse movement or oscillation of the lever carries its engaging endaway from the perforation of the disk 8 and swings the casing backward,andit is thereby returned to its initial position to obtain a fresh holdon the disk S. By this construction an effective ratchet-wrench isemployed, and pawls and toothed disks are dispensed with, and byremoving the `screw the lever may be quickly reversed to rotate thespindle in either direction. The lever 11 is provided at its outer endwith a suitable handle 14 to enable it to be conveniently grasped.

The socket 3 is cylindrical, and the shank 5 of the handle 7 is roundedand is provided with an annular groove 15, which is engaged by aset-screw 16. ed in a threaded perforation of the spindle and is adaptedto engage the annular groove to swivel the handle '7 to the spindle, andthe shank 5 is provided at one side of the annular groove with a rlatface 18, adapted to be engaged by the screw when it is desired toconnect the handle 7 rigidly with the spindle. The handle may be usedrigid with the spindle or swiveled to the same, and the screw isprovided with a jam-n ut 19 for engaging the spindle to lock the screwat either adjustment. The other socket 2 of the spindle is rectangularor polygonal, and the shank 4C of the wrench-head 6 conforms to theconfiguration of the same and is secured in the socket bya set-screw 20,arranged in a perforation of the spindle similar to the other set-screw16.

The wrench-head G consists of a tapering casing having a longitudinalopening and provided with side walls 24 and receiving The set-screw 16is mount IOO longitudinal adjustable pi\f*otallyconnected arms 25. Theside walls are located adjacent to the front of the casing and havetheir inner faces rounded, and the arms are provided at their inner endswith diverging curved extensions 25, engaging the side walls to limitthe outward movement of the arms. The innerends of the arms arerecessed, overlapped, and perforated to form a joint and are connectedby a bolt 26, which forms a pivot, and which is arranged in slots 27 ofthe casing, and the bolt is provided at one end with a head, and at itsother end with a nut, a plate 2S being interposed between the nut andthe adjacent face of the casing to prevent any liability of the nutbeing accidentally unscrewed by the movement of the pivoted arms.

The arms are provided at their outer ends with jaws 2Q, extending fromthe casing, and are adapted to be spread, as illustrated in Fig. 2 ofthe accompanying drawings, and as they are gradually moved inward theyare brought together and are caused to clamp the nut with the desireddegree of tightness. The jaws are provided with angular recesses,forming a nutopening, and they are also adapted to receive the shank ofa bit or the like, and the greater the pressure exerted on a n ut ortool the greater will be the clamping action of the jaws. The casing isprovided in rear of the side walls with openings to form a passage forthe curved extensions of the arms.

It will be seen that the wrench is simple and comparatively inexpensivein construction,that it dispenses with pawls anda ratchetdisk, which areusually employed in this class of wrenches, and that it is capable ofready adjustment to change the direction ot' its rotation o r to receivenuts or tools of different sizes. It will also be apparent that thehandle of the wrench may be readily adj usted to swivel it to thewrench-spindle or to connect it rigidly with the same.

Changes in the form, proportion, and minor details of construction maybe resorted to without departing from the principlel or sacriiicing anyof the advantages of this invention.

Vhat I claim is- 1. Ina wrench, the combination of a casing providednear its outer end with side walls, and arms arranged within the casing,pivotally connected and capable of movement longitudinally of thecasing, said arms being provided at their inner ends with extensionsdisposed laterally of the casing and adapted to engage the said sidewalls thereof, sub stantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a ratchet-wrench, the combination of a spindle provided with endsockets, a disk having a smooth periphery and fixed to the spindle, acasing provided with sleeves arrangedon the spindle and located atopposite sides of the disk, a lever fulcrumed in the casing and havingits engaging end cut at an angle and serrated, a handle having a roundshank arranged in one of the end sockets, provided with an annulargroove and having a flat face at one side of the groove, a setscrewmounted on the spindle adjacent to the shank of the handle, arranged toengage the groove and provided with a jam-nut, and a wrenclrhead havinga shank detachably secured in the other end socket of the spindle,substantially as described.

3. In awrench, the combination of a casing provided near its outer endwith side walls rounded at their inner faces, said casing being providedwith longitudinal slots, arms arranged in the casing, provided at theirouter ends with jaws and having curved eX- tensions at their inner ends,and a pivot connecting the inner ends of the arms and arranged in theslots of the casing, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

MICHAEL D. SCHALLER. lVitnesses:

A. FOSTER BREwsTEE, E. L. STEVENS.

